Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics.|Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.|Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics.|Department of Information Theory and Data Science, School of Mathematical Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.|Department of Information Theory and Data Science, School of Mathematical Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.|Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York City, NY, USA.|Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York City, NY, USA.|Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics.